react源码中的fiber架构
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先看一下FiberNode在源码中的样子
FiberNode
// packages/react-reconciler/src/ReactFiber.old.js
function FiberNode(
tag: WorkTag, pendingProps: mixed, key: null | string, mode: TypeOfMode,
) {
// Instance
this.tag = tag;
this.key = key;
this.elementType = null;
this.type = null;
this.stateNode = null;
// Fiber
this.return = null;
this.child = null;
this.sibling = null;
this.index = 0;
this.ref = null;
this.pendingProps = pendingProps;
this.memoizedProps = null;
this.updateQueue = null;
this.memoizedState = null;
this.dependencies = null;
this.mode = mode;
// Effects
this.flags = NoFlags;
this.nextEffect = null;
this.firstEffect = null;
this.lastEffect = null;
this.lanes = NoLanes;
this.childLanes = NoLanes;
this.alternate = null;
if (enableProfilerTimer) {
// Note: The following is done to avoid a v8 performance cliff.
//
// Initializing the fields below to smis and later updating them with
// double values will cause Fibers to end up having separate shapes.
// This behavior/bug has something to do with Object.preventExtension().
// Fortunately this only impacts DEV builds.
// Unfortunately it makes React unusably slow for some applications.
// To work around this, initialize the fields below with doubles.
//
// Learn more about this here:
// https://github.com/facebook/react/issues/14365
// https://bugs.chromium.org/p/v8/issues/detail?id=8538
this.actualDuration = Number.NaN;
this.actualStartTime = Number.NaN;
this.selfBaseDuration = Number.NaN;
this.treeBaseDuration = Number.NaN;
// It's okay to replace the initial doubles with smis after initialization.
// This won't trigger the performance cliff mentioned above,
// and it simplifies other profiler code (including DevTools).
this.actualDuration = 0;
this.actualStartTime = -1;
this.selfBaseDuration = 0;
this.treeBaseDuration = 0;
}
if (__DEV__) {
// This isn't directly used but is handy for debugging internals:
...
}
}
- 我们看
FiberNode这个构造函数里面只是赋值，我们再找一下链路上的Fiber，我们发现在函数createFiber的返回值类型里面出现了Fiber类型，所以
// packages/react-reconciler/src/ReactInternalTypes.js
export type Fiber = {|
// These first fields are conceptually members of an Instance. This used to
// be split into a separate type and intersected with the other Fiber fields,
// but until Flow fixes its intersection bugs, we've merged them into a
// single type.
// An Instance is shared between all versions of a component. We can easily
// break this out into a separate object to avoid copying so much to the
// alternate versions of the tree. We put this on a single object for now to
// minimize the number of objects created during the initial render.
// dom节点的相关信息
tag: WorkTag,// 组件的类型
key: null | string, // 唯一值
elementType: any,// 元素类型
// 判定fiber节点的类型，用于diff
type: any,
// 真实 dom 节点
stateNode: any,
// Conceptual aliases
// parent : Instance -> return The parent happens to be the same as the
// return fiber since we've merged the fiber and instance.
// Remaining fields belong to Fiber
// fiber 链表树
return: Fiber | null, // 父 fiber
child: Fiber | null, // 第一个子 fiber
sibling: Fiber | null, // 下一个兄弟 fiber
index: number, // 在父 fiber 下面的子 fiber 中的下标
// The ref last used to attach this node.
// I'll avoid adding an owner field for prod and model that as functions.
ref:
| null
| (((handle: mixed) => void) & {_stringRef: ?string, ...})
| RefObject,
// 计算 state 和 props 渲染
pendingProps: any, // 本次渲染需要使用的 props
memoizedProps: any, // 上次渲染使用的 props
updateQueue: mixed, // 用于状态更新、回调函数、DOM更新的队列
memoizedState: any, // 上次渲染后的 state 状态
dependencies: Dependencies | null, // contexts、events 等依赖
// Bitfield that describes properties about the fiber and its subtree. E.g.
// the ConcurrentMode flag indicates whether the subtree should be async-by-
// default. When a fiber is created, it inherits the mode of its
// parent. Additional flags can be set at creation time, but after that the
// value should remain unchanged throughout the fiber's lifetime, particularly
// before its child fibers are created.
mode: TypeOfMode,
// Effect
flags: Flags, // 记录更新时当前 fiber 的副作用(删除、更新、替换等)状态
subtreeFlags: Flags, // 当前子树的副作用状态
deletions: Array<Fiber> | null, // 要删除的子 fiber
nextEffect: Fiber | null, // 下一个有副作用的 fiber
firstEffect: Fiber | null, // 指向第一个有副作用的 fiber
lastEffect: Fiber | null, // 指向最后一个有副作用的 fiber
// 渲染优先级
lanes: Lanes,
childLanes: Lanes,
// This is a pooled version of a Fiber. Every fiber that gets updated will
// eventually have a pair. There are cases when we can clean up pairs to save
// memory if we need to.
alternate: Fiber | null,// 指向 workInProgress fiber 树中对应的节点
// Time spent rendering this Fiber and its descendants for the current update.
// This tells us how well the tree makes use of sCU for memoization.
// It is reset to 0 each time we render and only updated when we don't bailout.
// This field is only set when the enableProfilerTimer flag is enabled.
actualDuration?: number,
// If the Fiber is currently active in the "render" phase,
// This marks the time at which the work began.
// This field is only set when the enableProfilerTimer flag is enabled.
actualStartTime?: number,
// Duration of the most recent render time for this Fiber.
// This value is not updated when we bailout for memoization purposes.
// This field is only set when the enableProfilerTimer flag is enabled.
selfBaseDuration?: number,
// Sum of base times for all descendants of this Fiber.
// This value bubbles up during the "complete" phase.
// This field is only set when the enableProfilerTimer flag is enabled.
treeBaseDuration?: number,
// Conceptual aliases
// workInProgress : Fiber -> alternate The alternate used for reuse happens
// to be the same as work in progress.
// __DEV__ only
_debugID?: number,
_debugSource?: Source | null,
_debugOwner?: Fiber | null,
_debugIsCurrentlyTiming?: boolean,
_debugNeedsRemount?: boolean,
// Used to verify that the order of hooks does not change between renders.
_debugHookTypes?: Array<HookType> | null,
|};
相关参考视频讲解：进入学习
- 整个fiber架构看起来可以分为dom信息、副作用、优先级、链表树等几个模块，那我们依次来拆分一下
dom信息节点
tag: WorkTag
我们看到这个`tag`为`WorkTag`类型，用来区分`React`组件的类型
// packages/react-reconciler/src/ReactWorkTags.js
export type WorkTag =
| 0
| 1
| 2
| 3
| 4
| 5
| 6
| 7
| 8
| 9
| 10
| 11
| 12
| 13
| 14
| 15
| 16
| 17
| 18
| 19
| 20
| 21
| 22
| 23
| 24;
export const FunctionComponent = 0;
export const ClassComponent = 1;
export const IndeterminateComponent = 2; // Before we know whether it is function or class
export const HostRoot = 3; // Root of a host tree. Could be nested inside another node.
export const HostPortal = 4; // A subtree. Could be an entry point to a different renderer.
export const HostComponent = 5;
export const HostText = 6;
export const Fragment = 7;
export const Mode = 8;
export const ContextConsumer = 9;
export const ContextProvider = 10;
export const ForwardRef = 11;
export const Profiler = 12;
export const SuspenseComponent = 13;
export const MemoComponent = 14;
export const SimpleMemoComponent = 15;
export const LazyComponent = 16;
export const IncompleteClassComponent = 17;
export const DehydratedFragment = 18;
export const SuspenseListComponent = 19;
export const FundamentalComponent = 20;
export const ScopeComponent = 21;
export const Block = 22;
export const OffscreenComponent = 23;
export const LegacyHiddenComponent = 24;
上述代码，区分了组件的类型，在后期协调阶段beginWork、completeWork的流程里根据不同的类型组件去做不同的fiber节点的处理
key: null | string、type: any
key为唯一值，type为与fiber关联的节点类型，都用于beginWork流程里面的reconcileChildren流程
elementType
元素类型
stateNode
- stateNode 用于记录当前 fiber 所对应的真实 dom 节点或者当前虚拟组件的实例。
- 便于实现Ref
- 便于追踪Rdom
fiber 链表树
fiber链表树里面有四个字段return、child、sibling、index
- return:指向父节点，没有父节点则为null。
- child:指向下一个子节点，没有下一个子节点则为null。
- sibling:指向兄弟节点，没有下一个兄弟节点则为null。
- index:父fiber下面的子fiber下标 通过这些字段那么我们可以形成一个闭环链表，举个栗子。
<div className='box'>
<h1 className='title' style={{'color':'red'}}>React源码解析</h1>
<ul>
<li>第一章</li>
<li>第二章</li>
<li>第三章</li>
<li>第四章</li>
</ul>
</div>
根据上面的代码所对应的fiber链表树结构就是：
副作用相关
所谓副作用就是一套流程中我们不期望发生的情况。举个通俗的例子就是我们生活中去学游泳，在学会游泳的过程中呛了几口水，这个呛了几口水相对于成功学会游泳来说就是副作用，回归到react代码中，我们通过某些手段去修改props、state等数据，数据修改完毕之后，但是同时引起了dom不必要的变化，那么这个变化就是副作用，当然这个副作用是必然存在的，就像游泳一样，必然会呛几口水，哈哈。
flags: Flags
记录当前节点通过`reconcileChildren`之后的的副作用，如插入，删除等
例如Placement，表示插入，也叫新增。Deletion表示删除，Update表示更新
export type Flags = number;
// Don't change these two values. They're used by React Dev Tools.
export const NoFlags = /* */ 0b000000000000000000;
export const PerformedWork = /* */ 0b000000000000000001;
// You can change the rest (and add more).
export const Placement = /* */ 0b000000000000000010;
export const Update = /* */ 0b000000000000000100;
export const PlacementAndUpdate = /* */ 0b000000000000000110;
export const Deletion = /* */ 0b000000000000001000;
export const ContentReset = /* */ 0b000000000000010000;
export const Callback = /* */ 0b000000000000100000;
export const DidCapture = /* */ 0b000000000001000000;
export const Ref = /* */ 0b000000000010000000;
export const Snapshot = /* */ 0b000000000100000000;
export const Passive = /* */ 0b000000001000000000;
// TODO (effects) Remove this bit once the new reconciler is synced to the old.
export const PassiveUnmountPendingDev = /* */ 0b000010000000000000;
export const Hydrating = /* */ 0b000000010000000000;
export const HydratingAndUpdate = /* */ 0b000000010000000100;
// Passive & Update & Callback & Ref & Snapshot
export const LifecycleEffectMask = /* */ 0b000000001110100100;
// Union of all host effects
export const HostEffectMask = /* */ 0b000000011111111111;
// These are not really side effects, but we still reuse this field.
export const Incomplete = /* */ 0b000000100000000000;
export const ShouldCapture = /* */ 0b000001000000000000;
export const ForceUpdateForLegacySuspense = /* */ 0b000100000000000000;
// Static tags describe aspects of a fiber that are not specific to a render,
// e.g. a fiber uses a passive effect (even if there are no updates on this particular render).
// This enables us to defer more work in the unmount case,
// since we can defer traversing the tree during layout to look for Passive effects,
// and instead rely on the static flag as a signal that there may be cleanup work.
export const PassiveStatic = /* */ 0b001000000000000000;
// Union of side effect groupings as pertains to subtreeFlags
export const BeforeMutationMask = /* */ 0b000000001100001010;
export const MutationMask = /* */ 0b000000010010011110;
export const LayoutMask = /* */ 0b000000000010100100;
export const PassiveMask = /* */ 0b000000001000001000;
// Union of tags that don't get reset on clones.
// This allows certain concepts to persist without recalculting them,
// e.g. whether a subtree contains passive effects or portals.
export const StaticMask = /* */ 0b001000000000000000;
// These flags allow us to traverse to fibers that have effects on mount
// without traversing the entire tree after every commit for
// double invoking
export const MountLayoutDev = /* */ 0b010000000000000000;
export const MountPassiveDev = /* */ 0b100000000000000000;
当然副作用不仅仅只是一个，所以React中在render阶段中采用的是深度遍历的策略去找出当前fiber树中所有的副作用，并维护一个副作用链表EffectList，与链表相关的字段还有firstEffect、nextEffect 和 lastEffect 我们来画一张图来简略示意一下。
解读一下就是，fristEffect指向第一个有副作用的fiber节点，lastEffect指向最后一个具有副作用的fiber节点，中间都是用nextEffect链接，这样组成了一个单向链表。
render阶段里面这一段处理就完了，在后面的commit阶段里面，React会根据EffectList里面fiber节点的副作用，会对应的处理相应的DOM，然后生成无副作用的虚拟节点，进行真实dom的创建。
优先级相关
当然React作为一个庞大的框架，肯定有自己的一套关于渲染的优先级机制，不然全都是一股脑按部就班的走，那肯定不行哒。
那么优先级我们就要关注一下lane与alternate，React中每个fiber任务都有自己的lane（执行优先级），这样在render阶段react才知道，应该优先把哪个fiber任务提交到commit阶段去执行。而alternate是在render阶段中用来做为指针的，什么意思？React在状态发生改变的时候，就会根据当前的页面结构，生成两棵fiber树，一棵老的称之为current Fiber，而另一棵将要生成新的页面的树叫做workInProgress Fiber，而alternate作为指针，就是把current Fiber中的每一个节点指向workInProgress Fiber中的每一个节点。同样的他也会从workInProgress Fiber中指向 current Fiber
我们了解到了alternate，那就来说一说这个lane吧。
// packages/react-reconciler/src/ReactFiberLane.js
export const NoLanes: Lanes = /* */ 0b0000000000000000000000000000000;
export const NoLane: Lane = /* */ 0b0000000000000000000000000000000;
export const SyncLane: Lane = /* */ 0b0000000000000000000000000000001;
export const SyncBatchedLane: Lane = /* */ 0b0000000000000000000000000000010;
export const InputDiscreteHydrationLane: Lane = /* */ 0b0000000000000000000000000000100;
const InputDiscreteLanes: Lanes = /* */ 0b0000000000000000000000000011000;
const InputContinuousHydrationLane: Lane = /* */ 0b0000000000000000000000000100000;
const InputContinuousLanes: Lanes = /* */ 0b0000000000000000000000011000000;
export const DefaultHydrationLane: Lane = /* */ 0b0000000000000000000000100000000;
export const DefaultLanes: Lanes = /* */ 0b0000000000000000000111000000000;
const TransitionHydrationLane: Lane = /* */ 0b0000000000000000001000000000000;
const TransitionLanes: Lanes = /* */ 0b0000000001111111110000000000000;
const RetryLanes: Lanes = /* */ 0b0000011110000000000000000000000;
export const SomeRetryLane: Lanes = /* */ 0b0000010000000000000000000000000;
export const SelectiveHydrationLane: Lane = /* */ 0b0000100000000000000000000000000;
const NonIdleLanes = /* */ 0b0000111111111111111111111111111;
export const IdleHydrationLane: Lane = /* */ 0b0001000000000000000000000000000;
const IdleLanes: Lanes = /* */ 0b0110000000000000000000000000000;
export const OffscreenLane: Lane = /* */ 0b1000000000000000000000000000000;
可见这个lane也是用31位二进制表示的唯一值，来进行优先级的判定的，并且位数越低，则优先级越大。
Props && State相关
pendingProps: any
本次渲染需要使用的 props
memoizedProps: any
上次渲染使用的 props
updateQueue: mixed
用于状态更新、回调函数、DOM更新的队列
memoizedState: any
上次渲染后的 state 状态
dependencies: Dependencies | null
contexts、events 等依赖
Fiber树的创建与更新的流程
上面一部分讲了React Fiber的基本架构，从真实dom信息、副作用、优先级等方面看了一下，为后面的render阶段的协调与调度以及commit阶段打下基础，那么接下来我们去探讨一下new FiberNode之后得到的什么样的rootFiber。
我们在第二章节里面提到了整个的创建过程# React源码解析系列(二) -- 初始化组件的创建更新流程，那么这里深入探讨一下createFiber，在这个函数里面new FiberNode，创建了rootFiber，他也就是整个React应用的的根fiber。并且在createFiberRoot里面new FiberRootNode，创建了fiberRoot，它便是指向真实dom的根节点。所以在# React源码解析系列(二) -- 初始化组件的创建更新流程中我强调了root.current、uninitializedFiber.stateNode这两个东西，也就是这里说的rootFiber的stateNode字段指向了 fiberRoot，并且fiberRoot的current指向了rootFiber，具体的示例图如下：
所以这里就完成了fiber树根节点的创建了。
拿到了上面创建完成的rootFiber和fiberRoot之后那么我们接下来就是去根据我们的组件jsx去创建详细的dom树了，举个例子：
<div className='box'>
<h1 className='title' style={{'color':'red'}}>React源码解析</h1>
<ul>
<li>第一章</li>
<li>第二章</li>
<li>第三章</li>
<li>第四章</li>
</ul>
</div>
现有上面的jsx，那么我们创建dom树的形式是深度优先遍历，已beginwork和completework表示一个节点的创建过程，流程如下：
上面的图说明了，在初始化的时候我们的dom树是怎么被创建出来的，那么在状态发生改变的时候，我们会根据当前新的jsx内容创建新的workInProgress fiber，我们以新的jsx为例：
<div className='box'>
<h1 className='title' style={{'color':'red'}}>React源码解析</h1>
+ <h1 className='title' style={{'color':'red'}}>React源码解析系列</h1>
<ul>
<li>第一章</li>
<li>第二章</li>
<li>第三章</li>
- <li>第四章</li>
</ul>
+ <p>总结</p>
</div>
上面的jsx表示，更改了h1的内容，删除了第四章，增加了总结这几个操作，那么react根据当前新的jsx调用createWorkInProgress方法创建workInProgress fiber，那么我们先去看一下createWorkInProgress的源码实现。
export function createWorkInProgress(current: Fiber, pendingProps: any): Fiber {
let workInProgress = current.alternate;
if (workInProgress === null) { // null为初始化，否为update
// We use a double buffering pooling technique because we know that we'll
// only ever need at most two versions of a tree. We pool the "other" unused
// node that we're free to reuse. This is lazily created to avoid allocating
// extra objects for things that are never updated. It also allow us to
// reclaim the extra memory if needed.
workInProgress = createFiber(
current.tag,
pendingProps,
current.key,
current.mode,
);
workInProgress.elementType = current.elementType;
workInProgress.type = current.type;
workInProgress.stateNode = current.stateNode;
if (__DEV__) {
// DEV-only fields
workInProgress._debugID = current._debugID;
workInProgress._debugSource = current._debugSource;
workInProgress._debugOwner = current._debugOwner;
workInProgress._debugHookTypes = current._debugHookTypes;
}
// current 指向 workInProgress
workInProgress.alternate = current;
// workInProgress 指向 current
current.alternate = workInProgress;
} else {
// 上一次的props
workInProgress.pendingProps = pendingProps;
// Needed because Blocks store data on type.
workInProgress.type = current.type;
// We already have an alternate.
// Reset the effect tag.
//清除flags
workInProgress.flags = NoFlags;
// The effect list is no longer valid.
workInProgress.nextEffect = null;
workInProgress.firstEffect = null;
workInProgress.lastEffect = null;
if (enableProfilerTimer) {
// We intentionally reset, rather than copy, actualDuration & actualStartTime.
// This prevents time from endlessly accumulating in new commits.
// This has the downside of resetting values for different priority renders,
// But works for yielding (the common case) and should support resuming.
workInProgress.actualDuration = 0;
workInProgress.actualStartTime = -1;
}
}
// 绑定挂载的子fiber节点优先级、状态、props
workInProgress.childLanes = current.childLanes;
workInProgress.lanes = current.lanes;
workInProgress.child = current.child;
workInProgress.memoizedProps = current.memoizedProps;
workInProgress.memoizedState = current.memoizedState;
workInProgress.updateQueue = current.updateQueue;
// Clone the dependencies object. This is mutated during the render phase, so
// it cannot be shared with the current fiber.
const currentDependencies = current.dependencies;
workInProgress.dependencies =
currentDependencies === null
? null
: {
lanes: currentDependencies.lanes,
firstContext: currentDependencies.firstContext,
};
// These will be overridden during the parent's reconciliation
workInProgress.sibling = current.sibling;
workInProgress.index = current.index;
workInProgress.ref = current.ref;
if (enableProfilerTimer) {
workInProgress.selfBaseDuration = current.selfBaseDuration;
workInProgress.treeBaseDuration = current.treeBaseDuration;
}
if (__DEV__) {
workInProgress._debugNeedsRemount = current._debugNeedsRemount;
switch (workInProgress.tag) {
case IndeterminateComponent:
case FunctionComponent:
case SimpleMemoComponent:
workInProgress.type = resolveFunctionForHotReloading(current.type);
break;
case ClassComponent:
workInProgress.type = resolveClassForHotReloading(current.type);
break;
case ForwardRef:
workInProgress.type = resolveForwardRefForHotReloading(current.type);
break;
default:
break;
}
}
return workInProgress;
}
并且为其标记副作用，具体如下：
而前面所说的alternate在这里相互指向，其实也就是在reconciler阶段起到了复用节点的作用，因为我们所说的current fiber或者是workInProgress fiber都是视图的产物，是可以在"新"与"老"之间转换的。
为什么会出现Fiber架构呢？
相信在座的各位写React的同学出去面试，面试官总会问：”请问你知道React Fiber架构吗？请你说说Fiber架构吧“
为什么会出现？通过上面的React Fiber架构的讲解，我们可以get到几个点，那就是fiber针对每一个fiber节点都会有一套自己的独立的beginwork和completework，并且能够在每一个具有副作用的节点上进行打标处理，而不是直接变更。而且生成的current fiber与workIProgress fiber可以相互转换，这里间接地可以称之为缓存吧。对比与以前的React应用来讲，以前的React应用是根据执行生命周期、diff、dom的更新一套流程同步走的，一套流程下来，不能中断，而且每一次的更新都是从根节点出发向下遍历的，我们可以设想一下处理庞大的结构的时候，那将是不可想象的性能开销，处理长时间任务耗时更长，更重要的是用户的交互，事件得不到及时响应，用户体验非常的差。
但是fiber这种结构，我们说的是一种时间分片的概念，通过时间分片把长任务，分成一个个独立的小单元去执行，返回。这样子就不会让js线程被React应用独占，能有有空余去处理其他优先级较高的任务，任务得到了相应并且执行，当然了这种情况下页面就不会显得卡顿了。
所以总结来说就是React Fiber给我们提供了一种协调，调度，暂停，中止，调优的方式去更好的处理React应用与浏览器的工作，保证了页面的性能与流畅度
总结
这一章讲述了整个的fiber架构与fiber树的创建与更新，那么这里从React应用的初始化挂载到React更新就形成了一部分的闭环完结，之后我们便是沿着流程走到了updateContainer更新这里
转载自:https://juejin.cn/post/7167188991567986696